\n\u8010\u6e29\u8303\u56f4<\/td>\n | \u2103<\/td>\n | 150-190<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u73af\u4fdd\u6cd5\u89c4\u65e5\u76ca\u4e25\u683c\uff0c\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6839\u636eMarketsandMarkets\u62a5\u544a\uff082021\uff09\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u52302025\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u888b\u5f0f\u9664\u5c18\u5668\u5e02\u573a\u5c06\u4ee5\u5e74\u5747\u590d\u5408\u589e\u957f\u73876.8%\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u5176\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u884c\u4e1a\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u8bfe\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n \u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u591a\u5c42\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u6750\u6599\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4e09\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ece\u5916\u5230\u5185\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\uff1a\u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u5c42\u3001\u652f\u6491\u5c42\u548c\u57fa\u5e03\u5c42\u3002\u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u5c42\u91c7\u7528\u8d85\u7ec6\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7ec7\u9020\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u76f4\u5f84\u901a\u5e38\u57281-3\u03bcm\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u81f4\u5bc6\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5c4f\u969c\uff1b\u652f\u6491\u5c42\u5219\u7531\u8f83\u7c97\u7684\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u76f4\u5f84\u4e00\u822c\u57285-10\u03bcm\uff1b\u57fa\u5e03\u5c42\u91c7\u7528\u73bb\u7483\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6216\u6da4\u7eb6\u957f\u4e1d\u7f16\u7ec7\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u539a\u5ea6\u7ea6\u4e3a0.3-0.5mm\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u542b\u5c18\u6c14\u4f53\u8fdb\u5165\u6ee4\u888b\u65f6\uff0c\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u88ab\u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u5c42\u76f4\u63a5\u62e6\u622a\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u6563\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u60ef\u6027\u78b0\u649e\u548c\u9759\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u5728\u7ea4\u7ef4\u8868\u9762\uff1b\u540e\uff0c\u6781\u7ec6\u5fae\u9897\u7c92\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5c42\u8fc7\u6ee4\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u622a\u7559\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7ecf\u5178\u7684Darcy\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5373\u6d41\u91cfQ\u4e0e\u538b\u529b\u5dee\u0394P\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e0e\u6ee4\u6599\u7684\u963b\u529b\u7cfb\u6570R\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4\uff0c\u516c\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe\u4e3aQ = \u0394P\/R\u3002<\/p>\n \u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u4e3b\u8981\u53d7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6392\u5217\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u5b54\u9699\u7387\u3001\u8868\u9762\u7535\u8377\u7279\u6027\u548c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u76f4\u5f84\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff08Hill, 2018\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u7ea4\u7ef4\u76f4\u5f84\u51cf\u5c0f\u81f32\u03bcm\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad820-30%\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6ee4\u6599\u7684\u5b54\u9699\u7387\u63a7\u5236\u572840-60%\u4e4b\u95f4\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f73\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u538b\u964d\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u8868\u9762\u7535\u8377\u7279\u6027\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u7684\u6355\u83b7\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5e26\u6b63\u7535\u8377\u7684\u6ee4\u6599\u5bf9\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u9897\u7c92\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u5438\u9644\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4e0b\u5217\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a<\/p>\n \n\n\n\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0<\/th>\n | \u5bf9\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/th>\n | \u7406\u60f3\u8303\u56f4<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n\u7ea4\u7ef4\u76f4\u5f84<\/td>\n | \u76f4\u5f84\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8<\/td>\n | <3\u03bcm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u5b54\u9699\u7387<\/td>\n | \u4e2d\u7b49\u5b54\u9699\u7387\u4f73<\/td>\n | 40-60%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u8868\u9762\u7535\u8377<\/td>\n | \u6b63\u7535\u8377\u589e\u5f3a\u5438\u9644<\/td>\n | +10-+30 mV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u6c14\u6d41\u901f\u5ea6<\/td>\n | \u9002\u4e2d\u901f\u5ea6\u4f73<\/td>\n | 0.8-1.2 m\/min<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u521d\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6ee4\u6599\u8868\u9762\u5c1a\u672a\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7c89\u5c18\u997c\u5c42\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\uff1b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u7c89\u5c18\u997c\u5c42\u9010\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7b26\u5408\u7ecf\u5178\u7684Cake Filtration\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5373\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u968f\u7c89\u5c18\u997c\u5c42\u539a\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n \u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b56\u7565<\/h2>\n\u9488\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f18\u5316\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u6539\u8fdb\u3001\u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u548c\u591a\u5c42\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5728\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65b0\u578b\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6d82\u5c42\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff08Smith et al., 2020\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6ee4\u888b\u8868\u9762\u5747\u5300\u6c89\u79ef\u76f4\u5f84\u4e3a50-200nm\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5c42\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u9ad830-40%\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u963b\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5c42\u4e0d\u4ec5\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5355\u4f4d\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9762\u79ef\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u81f4\u5bc6\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5c4f\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n \u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u540c\u6837\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u8f83\u4e3a\u6210\u719f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u6539\u6027\u3001\u7535\u6655\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u9540\u819c\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u56e0\u5176\u73af\u4fdd\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u6027\u53d7\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff08Johnson, 2021\uff09\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6ee4\u888b\u8868\u9762\u63a5\u89e6\u89d2\u964d\u4f4e\u81f325\u00b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u758f\u6c34\u6027\u548c\u6297\u6cb9\u6c61\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u6c1f\u5316\u7269\u6d82\u5c42\uff0c\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u8010\u5316\u5b66\u8150\u8680\u6027\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u5ef6\u957f30%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n \u591a\u5c42\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5219\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u65b0\u578b\u590d\u5408\u6ee4\u888b\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528"\u4e09\u660e\u6cbb"\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u57fa\u7840\u6ee4\u6599\u4e24\u4fa7\u5206\u522b\u6dfb\u52a0\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u6d82\u5c42\u548c\u652f\u6491\u5c42\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u683c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9\u53ca\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/p>\n \n\n\n\u7ed3\u6784\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n | \u7279\u70b9<\/th>\n | \u4f18\u52bf<\/th>\n | \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n\u53cc\u5c42\u590d\u5408<\/td>\n | \u8868\u9762\u6d82\u5c42+\u57fa\u5e03\u5c42<\/td>\n | \u63d0\u9ad8\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n | \u4e00\u822c\u5de5\u4e1a\u9664\u5c18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u4e09\u660e\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n | \u8868\u9762\u6d82\u5c42+\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42+\u652f\u6491\u5c42<\/td>\n | \u7efc\u5408\u6027\u80fd\u4f18<\/td>\n | \u9ad8\u6e29\u9ad8\u6e7f\u73af\u5883<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u591a\u5c42\u68af\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n | \u6e10\u53d8\u5b54\u5f84\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/td>\n | \u5206\u7ea7\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u679c\u597d<\/td>\n | \u5fae\u7ec6\u7c89\u5c18\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u7279\u522b\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\u68af\u5ea6\u5b54\u5f84\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u901a\u8fc7\u9010\u5c42\u9012\u51cf\u7684\u5b54\u5f84\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5206\u7ea7\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u5916\u5c42\u91c7\u7528\u5927\u5b54\u5f84\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u521d\u59cb\u963b\u529b\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7c89\u5c18\u6355\u96c6\uff0c\u5185\u5c42\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u7cbe\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff08Wilson, 2022\uff09\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u68af\u5ea6\u5b54\u5f84\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6ee4\u888b\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u76f8\u540c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u963b\u529b\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e25-30%\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fd8\u9700\u8003\u8651\u5177\u4f53\u5de5\u51b5\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u71c3\u7164\u7535\u5382\u70df\u6c14\u9664\u5c18\u4e2d\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u98de\u7070\u9897\u7c92\u7c92\u5f84\u5206\u5e03\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u53cc\u5c42\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u6c34\u6ce5\u5382\u7a91\u5c3e\u9664\u5c18\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7c89\u5c18\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u4e14\u6e7f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u91c7\u7528\u4e09\u660e\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n \u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h2>\n\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5236\u5b9a\u7684ISO 29463\u6807\u51c6\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u8be5\u6807\u51c6\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u6052\u5b9a\u6c14\u6d41\u53d1\u751f\u88c5\u7f6e\u3001\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u3001\u91c7\u6837\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n \n\n\n\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9879\u76ee<\/th>\n | \u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\n | \u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570<\/th>\n | \u6807\u51c6\u9650\u503c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n\u521d\u59cb\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n | DIN EN 779<\/td>\n | PM10\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n | \u226599.97%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u52a8\u6001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n | ISO 29463<\/td>\n | PM2.5\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n | \u226599.9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u538b\u529b\u635f\u5931<\/td>\n | ASTM F316<\/td>\n | \u5927\u538b\u964d<\/td>\n | \u2264500 Pa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d<\/td>\n | IEST-RP-CC001<\/td>\n | \u5e73\u5747\u5bff\u547d<\/td>\n | \u22652\u5e74<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u5386\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u3001\u7a33\u6001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u8001\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u9884\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5efa\u7acb\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7c89\u5c18\u997c\u5c42\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6301\u7eed24\u5c0f\u65f6\uff1b\u7a33\u6001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u6ee4\u888b\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u8001\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u5219\u6a21\u62df\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n \u73b0\u573a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4f18\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u663e\u8457\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5bf9\u67d0\u71c3\u7164\u7535\u5382\u9664\u5c18\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n \n\n\n\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0<\/th>\n | \u4f20\u7edf\u6ee4\u888b<\/th>\n | \u4f18\u5316\u6ee4\u888b<\/th>\n | \u6539\u5584\u5e45\u5ea6<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n | 99.8%<\/td>\n | 99.98%<\/td>\n | +0.18%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u8fd0\u884c\u963b\u529b<\/td>\n | 650 Pa<\/td>\n | 480 Pa<\/td>\n | -26%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d<\/td>\n | 18\u4e2a\u6708<\/td>\n | 24\u4e2a\u6708<\/td>\n | +33%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u6ee4\u888b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5fae\u7ec6\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5c24\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9PM2.5\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u7684\u6355\u96c6\u6548\u7387\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u6ee4\u888b\u5728\u4f4e\u901f\u5de5\u51b5\uff080.8 m\/min\uff09\u4e0b\u7684\u6355\u96c6\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u8fbe99.95%\uff0c\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u6ee4\u888b\u768499.5%\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u4e3b\u8981\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6d82\u5c42\u548c\u68af\u5ea6\u5b54\u5f84\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u3002\u6839\u636e\u73b0\u573a\u76d1\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff08Davis, 2021\uff09\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u6ee4\u888b\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c30\u5929\u540e\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u8870\u51cf\u901f\u7387\u4ec5\u4e3a0.02%\/\u5929\uff0c\u660e\u663e\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u6ee4\u888b\u76840.05%\/\u5929\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u957f\u671f\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u9664\u5c18\u6548\u679c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h2>\n\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u660e\u663e\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u6210\u679c\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u5f17\u52b3\u6069\u970d\u592b\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08Fraunhofer Institute\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u667a\u80fd\u7ea4\u7ef4\u4f20\u611f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6ee4\u888b\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Schmidt, 2022\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6ee4\u888b\u5185\u90e8\u5d4c\u5165\u5fae\u578b\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u3001\u538b\u964d\u548c\u7c89\u5c18\u6d53\u5ea6\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e3a\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8fd0\u884c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6ee4\u888b\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u5ef6\u957f\u4e8640%\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e8635%\u3002<\/p>\n \u7f8e\u56fd\u675c\u90a6\u516c\u53f8\uff08DuPont\uff09\u5728\u6ee4\u6599\u6539\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3PTFE\u8986\u819c\u6ee4\u888b\uff08Brown et al., 2021\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6ee4\u888b\u91c7\u7528\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u53cc\u5c42\u8986\u819c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5916\u5c42PTFE\u8584\u819c\u539a\u5ea6\u4ec5\u4e3a5\u03bcm\uff0c\u5185\u5c42\u91c7\u7528\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea7\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u6d82\u5c42\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u6297\u8150\u8680\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u8010\u78e8\u6027\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8be5\u6ee4\u888b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u9178\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u6ee4\u888b\u9ad8\u51fa60%\u3002<\/p>\n \u65e5\u672c\u4e1c\u4e3d\u682a\u5f0f\u4f1a\u793e\uff08Toray Industries\uff09\u5219\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6ee4\u6599\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86"\u4eff\u751f\u68af\u5ea6\u5b54\u5f84"\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\uff08Tanaka, 2020\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7075\u611f\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u690d\u7269\u53f6\u7247\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6392\u5217\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u6ee4\u888b\u5185\u90e8\u5f62\u6210\u6e10\u53d8\u5b54\u5f84\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8fd0\u884c\u963b\u529b\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u8be5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6ee4\u888b\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u76f8\u540c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u679c\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u80fd\u8017\u964d\u4f4e\u4e8625%\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fd\u5185\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u4e5f\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u8ddf\u8fdb\u56fd\u9645\u524d\u6cbf\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u672c\u571f\u9700\u6c42\u5f00\u5c55\u521b\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u73af\u5883\u5b66\u9662\u8054\u5408\u591a\u5bb6\u4f01\u4e1a\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u590d\u5408\u6ee4\u888b\uff08Li et al., 2023\uff09\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u589e\u5f3a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6ee4\u888b\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6e7f\u5ea6\u3001\u9ad8\u9759\u7535\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u9664\u5c18\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u6ee4\u888b\u6613\u7ed3\u9732\u3001\u6613\u5835\u585e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u6ee4\u888b\u5728\u6e7f\u5ea690%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u630199.98%\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n \n\n\n\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411<\/th>\n | \u56fd\u9645\u9886\u5148\u6280\u672f<\/th>\n | \u56fd\u5185\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u6210\u679c<\/th>\n | \u4e3b\u8981\u5dee\u5f02<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n\u667a\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7<\/td>\n | \u5fb7\u56fd\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7f51\u7edc<\/td>\n | \u65e0\u660e\u663e\u8fdb\u5c55<\/td>\n | \u6280\u672f\u5dee\u8ddd\u660e\u663e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u6750\u6599\u6539\u6027<\/td>\n | \u7f8e\u56fdPTFE\u8986\u819c<\/td>\n | \u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u589e\u5f3a<\/td>\n | \u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u4e0d\u540c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u7ed3\u6784\u4f18\u5316<\/td>\n | \u65e5\u672c\u68af\u5ea6\u5b54\u5f84<\/td>\n | \u4eff\u751f\u591a\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n | \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u76f8\u4f3c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u5de5\u827a\u521b\u65b0<\/td>\n | \u6b27\u6d32\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/td>\n | \u65b0\u578b\u7eba\u4e1d\u6280\u672f<\/td>\n | \u5236\u9020\u6210\u672c\u5dee\u5f02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u56fd\u5185\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u5df2\u63a5\u8fd1\u56fd\u9645\u5148\u8fdb\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u672a\u6765\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5f3a\u56fd\u9645\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f15\u8fdb\u5438\u6536\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u81ea\u4e3b\u521b\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u3002<\/p>\n \u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf<\/h2>\n\u968f\u7740\u5de5\u4e1a\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u4e25\u683c\u548c\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6b63\u671d\u7740\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u3001\u7eff\u8272\u5316\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5411\u8fc8\u8fdb\u3002\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u9884\u8ba1\u52302025\u5e74\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc760%\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u9664\u5c18\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u914d\u5907\u667a\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u65f6\u91c7\u96c6\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u538b\u5dee\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u6e7f\u5ea6\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7AI\u7b97\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u5bff\u547d\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u636e\u9ea6\u80af\u9521\u54a8\u8be2\u516c\u53f8\uff08McKinsey, 2022\uff09\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u667a\u80fd\u6ee4\u888b\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u5c06\u8fbe\u523015-20%\u3002<\/p>\n \u7eff\u8272\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u5219\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u6750\u6599\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u65b0\u578b\u751f\u7269\u57fa\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u6b63\u5728\u53d6\u5f97\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e\u805a\u4e73\u9178\uff08PLA\uff09\u7684\u53ef\u964d\u89e3\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6709\u671b\u5728\u672a\u67655\u5e74\u5185\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6e05\u6d01\u751f\u4ea7\u6280\u672f\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u4e5f\u5c06\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u6ee4\u888b\u5236\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6b27\u76df\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u5faa\u73af\u7ecf\u6d4e\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\u300b\uff08European Commission, 2021\uff09\uff0c\u52302030\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u56de\u6536\u5229\u7528\u7387\u9700\u8fbe\u523050%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n \u529f\u80fd\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u62d3\u5c55\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u6297\u83cc\u6ee4\u6599\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6781\u7aef\u73af\u5883\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u590d\u5408\u6ee4\u888b\u7684\u5236\u5907\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u6c22\u71c3\u6599\u7535\u6c60\u5e9f\u6c14\u5904\u7406\u3001\u9502\u7535\u751f\u4ea7\u7c89\u5c18\u6536\u96c6\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\u3002\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u7814\u663e\u793a\uff08BloombergNEF, 2022\uff09\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u5341\u5e74\u5185\uff0c\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6ee4\u888b\u9700\u6c42\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u901f\u5c06\u8d85\u8fc725%\u3002<\/p>\n \u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u4e94\u5e74\u5185\u7f8e\u5854\u65af\u9488\u523a\u6be1\u6ee4\u888b\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u9884\u6d4b\uff1a<\/p>\n \n\n\n\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411<\/th>\n | \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807<\/th>\n | 2023\u5e74\u73b0\u72b6<\/th>\n | 2028\u5e74\u76ee\u6807<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n\u667a\u80fd\u5316<\/td>\n | \u5728\u7ebf\u76d1\u6d4b\u8986\u76d6\u7387<\/td>\n | 20%<\/td>\n | 60%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u7eff\u8272\u5316<\/td>\n | \u751f\u7269\u57fa\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5360\u6bd4<\/td>\n | 5%<\/td>\n | 20%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u529f\u80fd\u5316<\/td>\n | \u7279\u6b8a\u7528\u9014\u4ea7\u54c1\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/td>\n | 10%<\/td>\n | 30%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u9700\u8981\u4ea7\u4e1a\u94fe\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6e38\u7684\u534f\u540c\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u539f\u6750\u6599\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u5236\u9020\u5546\u548c\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u5408\u4f5c\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u63a8\u52a8\u884c\u4e1a\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n | | | | | | |